Current:Home > Contact-usSailboats packed with migrants seek Italy on lesser-known migration route-DB Wealth Institute B2 Expert Reviews
Sailboats packed with migrants seek Italy on lesser-known migration route
View Date:2024-12-23 19:54:00
ROCCELLA JONICA, Italy (AP) — When the Taliban took Kabul in August, Zakia was six months pregnant and in her first year of university while her husband, Hamid, was working as an auditor. They decided to flee, and along with five relatives, began a two-month odyssey that took them through Iran and Turkey.
When it was time to cross the Mediterranean, they did so on an expensive sailboat that came ashore this month on a beach in the southern Italian region of Calabria.
They were dehydrated, but relieved to have survived a lesser-known migration route to Europe that is increasingly being used by wealthier Afghans, Iraqis, Iranians and Kurds. Entire families are paying top price for passage from Turkey aboard new or nearly new sailboats that can more easily avoid detection by authorities. Investigators say they are captained by smugglers, often Ukrainians, who may be in cahoots with Turkish mobsters and Italian 'ndrangheta clans on shore.
While aid workers call these "1st class" crossings, there is nothing elite about them. Hamid and Zakia were packed with 100 people below deck for a week as food supplies dwindled. After two days without fresh water, Zakia couldn't feel the baby moving inside her anymore.
"It was the worst experience of my life," Hamid said in an Italian gym as he and his wife waited to be processed for COVID-19 quarantine locations after their sailboat, "Passion Dalaware," came ashore Nov. 10.
For years, most political, humanitarian and media attention has focused on the hundreds of thousands of migrants, most of them Africans, who cross the central Mediterranean aboard unseaworthy vessels launched by smugglers from Libya and Tunisia.
The Calabrian route, which brings the migrants from Turkey to the "toe" of boot-shaped Italy rather than Sicily and its islands further south, has seen a nearly four-fold increase in arrivals in 2021 and now accounts for 16% of the sea arrivals in Italy this year.
The U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees is monitoring the situation closely, though the increase in Calabrian arrivals is mirrored by a similarly sharp increase in migrants arriving in Sicilian ports. Overall, sea arrivals in Italy this year are up to 59,000 compared with 32,000 at this point last year. The Calabrian route has seen 9,687 arrivals as of Nov. 14, compared with 2,507 last year.
"We are seeing Afghans. We are seeing Iraqis. We are seeing Iranians, Kurds," said Chiara Cardoletti, the UNHCR representative in Italy. Whereas single men used to account for most migrants, "right now on all the routes what you are seeing is an increase in the number of families arriving with lots of children. And that is true also for the route to Calabria."
The Calabrian route is just one of the myriad ways that would-be refugees from the Middle East, Southeast Asia and Africa try to reach Europe, a steady crisis that has fueled anti-immigrant sentiment on the continent and strained European Union solidarity.
Hamid and Zakia had a fraught odyssey that cost far more than most: After escaping Kabul with Hamid's sister, her husband and their three children, the family arrived in Turkey and paid 8,500 euros ($9,600) for each adult and 4,000 euros ($4,500) for each child to get to Calabria. Hamid's parents in Sweden helped finance the trip.
Hamid's 29-year-old sister, Tooba, who speaks good English, said the family decided to risk their lives on the journey because life in Afghanistan under Taliban rule was no longer safe, especially given her work as a lawyer.
"I cannot live in Kabul, and because of them I must leave Afghanistan," Tooba said, as she cradled a sleeping child.
Like Hamid and Zakia, she asked that her last name not be used for safety reasons.
Hamid said the smugglers provided enough water for the first four or five days, but that after it ran out, the passengers drank seawater with sugar for the final two days.
When the sailboat approached shore, the passengers came up on deck only to see the two smugglers who had captained the ship, both wearing ski masks, fleeing the scene in a black boat.
"The traffickers, who obviously have no concept of human scruples, are now even squashing 100 people in each sailboat," said Vittorio Zito, the mayor of Roccella Jonica, a small town on the Calabrian coast that has been a prime destination for smugglers.
The sailboats are difficult to intercept since even to aerial patrols, they look like normal pleasure boats. The "Passion Dalaware" was even flying a plastic American flag from its sail.
Zito said smugglers can make about 500,000 euros ($565,000) per trip on a stolen sailboat that costs around 100,000 euros ($113,000). Red Cross officials counted 101 people on Hamid's boat, whose smugglers stood to pocket 858,500 euros ($969,000).
There have been so many of these deserted sailboats recently that their carcasses line the Calabrian coast. Others are piled up in a boat cemetery near the port in Roccella Jonica.
The route is also being used by smugglers bringing fishing boats from Libya. On Nov. 14, 550 migrants arrived in Roccella Jonica, the highest number in one day. The migrants, including at least 100 Egyptian minors, were rescued from two fishing boats off the coast that had departed from Tobruk, a town in Libya near the Egyptian border.
Italian police have arrested several Ukrainian smugglers who have been sentenced for aiding and abetting illegal migration, but they are just small cogs in the wheel of a larger criminal operation.
"We have to go beyond the individual boats and arrests of smugglers to understand the reason behind the exponential increase," said Giovanni Bombardieri, chief prosecutor in the Calabrian capital of Reggio Calabria, who is leading the migration investigation.
"It is clear that our work requires an evaluation of the possible involvement of clans of the 'ndrangheta," the Calabrian-based organized crime syndicate, he told the AP.
Hamid and Zakia's odyssey isn't over. The extended family has been put in different locations in Calabria to complete two weeks of virus quarantine. After that they can begin the process of requesting asylum or can try to reach relatives in Sweden.
There is also some good news.
"I am very happy," said Zakia. "The Italian doctors checked and my baby is OK."
veryGood! (6)
Related
- Wheel of Fortune Contestant Goes Viral Over His Hilariously Wrong Answer
- CDC shortens 5-day COVID isolation, updates guidance on masks and testing in new 2024 recommendations
- Vanderpump Rules’ Brittany Cartwright Posts Cryptic Message on Power After Jax Taylor Separation
- Bethany Joy Lenz Reveals Name of Alleged Cult She Says She Belonged To
- Giuliani’s lawyers after $148M defamation judgment seek to withdraw from his case
- Got COVID? CDC says stay home while you're sick, but drops its 5-day isolation rule
- In Georgia, a bill to cut all ties with the American Library Association is advancing
- Olympian Katie Ledecky is focused on Paris, but could 2028 Games also be in the picture?
- Army veteran reunites with his K9 companion, who served with him in Afghanistan
- What's Making Us Happy: A guide to your weekend viewing, listening and reading
Ranking
- 15 new movies you'll want to stream this holiday season, from 'Emilia Perez' to 'Maria'
- Big Brother’s Memphis Garrett and Christmas Abbott Break Up After Less Than 2 Years of Marriage
- Rihanna Performs First Full Concert in 8 Years at Billionaire Ambani Family’s Pre-Wedding Event in India
- Monarch butterflies are not considered endangered. But a new study shows they are dwindling.
- 'Red One' review: Dwayne Johnson, Chris Evans embark on a joyless search for Santa
- Trump wins the Missouri caucuses and sweeps Michigan GOP convention as he moves closer to nomination
- Caitlin Clark, the Tiger Woods of women's basketball, changes everything for Indiana, WNBA
- New York man who fatally shot woman who was mistakenly driven up his driveway sentenced to 25 years to life in prison
Recommendation
-
Eminem, Alanis Morissette, Sheryl Crow, N.W.A. and Janet Jackson get Songwriters Hall of Fame nods
-
U.S. measles cases rise to 41, as CDC tallies infections now in 16 states
-
Lynette Woodard talks Caitlin Clark's scoring record, why she's so excited for what's next
-
Police in suburban Chicago release body-worn camera footage of fatal shooting of man in his bedroom
-
How Jersey Shore's Sammi Sweetheart Giancola's Fiancé Justin May Supports Her on IVF Journey
-
'Excess deaths' in Gaza for next 6 months projected in first-of-its-kind effort
-
Gaza doctor says gunfire accounted for 80% of the wounds at his hospital from aid convoy bloodshed
-
Biden signs short-term funding bill to avert government shutdown